Chapter 2 - Chemistry of Life

" The Kinkier the Better "

Atom

Molecule

Chemical formula   C6H12O6

          N = Nitrogen

          H = Hydrogen

          Na = Sodium

          K = Potassium

          C = Carbon

          O = Oxygen

          Ca = Calcium

Non-polar

          Hydrophobic

Water H2O

          Polar

                    Hydrophilic

          Cohesion

          Adhesion

          High specific heat

Acid

          Hydrogen ion H+

Base

          Hydroxide ion OH-

pH

Macromolecules

          Monomers

          Polymers

** Carbohydrates

          Monosaccharides

          Disaccharide

          Polysaccharide

                    Starch

                    Glycogen

** Lipids

          Glycerol + fatty acids

          Monoglyceride

          Diglyceride

          Triglyceride

                    Saturated fatty acids   C-C-C-C

                    Unsaturated fatty acids   C-C=C-C

                              Polyunsaturated fatty acids   C=C=C-C

** Proteins

          Enzymes

          Hormones

          Amino Acids

                    Essential Amino Acids

          Dipeptide

          Polypeptide

Denatured

** Nucleic Acids

          DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid

          RNA - Ribonucleic acid

                    Nucleotides


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Last updated on 9 August 2008